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1.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 58: e21219, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420483

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the cardioprotective effects of 18ß-glycyrrhetinic acid (18ß -GA) against oxidative and histological damage caused by global cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) in C57BL/J6 mice. All male mice (n:40) were randomly divided into four groups: (1) sham-operated (Sham), (2) I/R, (3) 18ß-GA, and (4) 18ß -GA+I/R. Ischemia was not applied to the sham and 18ß-GA groups. In the I/R group, the bilateral carotid arteries were clipped for 15 min to induce ischemia, and the mice were treated with the vehicle for 10 days. In the 18ß-GA group, the mice were given 18ß-GA (100 mg/kg) for 10 days following a median incision without carotid occlusion. In the 18ß-GA+I/R group, the ischemic procedure performed to the I/R model was applied to the animals and afterwards they were intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated with 18ß-GA (100 mg/kg) for 10 days. It was found that global cerebral I/R increased TBARS levels and decreased antioxidant parameters. The 18ß-GA treatment decreased the level of TBARS and increased GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD activities. Also, the control group cardiac tissue samples were observed to have a normal histological appearance with the Hematoxylin-Eosin staining method. Histopathological damage was observed in the heart tissue samples belonging to the I/R group. The 18ß-GA treatment ameliorates oxidative and histological injury in the heart tissue after global ischemia reperfusion, and may be a beneficial alternative treatment


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Reperfusion/adverse effects , Brain Ischemia/pathology , Staining and Labeling/instrumentation , Oxidative Stress , Antioxidants/pharmacology
2.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2021. 81 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396038

ABSTRACT

The evidences about the cardioprotective effects of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA), especially EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), have increased the consumption of these fatty acids. Echium plantagineum is a plant from Boragenacea family, known as potential source of non-marine omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA). Echium seeds presents 12-16% of stearidonic acid (SDA), that can be converted to EPA and DHA at a more elevated rate than the conversion obtained from α-linolenic acid (ALA), present in several other vegetable oils. However, echium oil is highly susceptible to oxidation because it has a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, the objective of this study was to combine three natural strategies to inhibit the oxidative damage in echium oil. In the first step, a mixture containing hydrophilic (HM: synaptic + ascorbic + citric acids) or lipophilic (LM: α-tocopherol + ascorbyl palmitate + citric acid) antioxidants was applied in the flaxseed oil, kept at 40oC/ 15 days. The oxidative markers were compared with the oil added of TBHQ (120 ppm) and EDTA (75 ppm), both artificial compounds. The results showed that LM and HM had an oxidative protection similar to the artificial antioxidants and that, HM promoted a better protection than LM. Based on this result, HM was selected as a strategy to be applied in the next step. In the second part of this study, Echium oil was obtained by two process: continuous screew pressing (PRESS) and extraction using hexane (SOLV). Both samples were added of HM combined with a high oleic sunflower oil and kept at different temperatures during storage. Two conditions were analyzed: 6 months into sealed flasks and 30 days into opened flasks. Oxidation reaction was followed by measuring the concentration of hydroperoxide, malondialdehyde, tocopherol and volatile compounds. In general, results showed that temperature reduction was enough to keep the oils stability during storage. Thus, the focus of the strategy's combination was directed toward samples after exposition to oxygen. In this context, better results were obtained by blending 20% of high oleic sunflower oil and the hydrophilic antioxidant mixture (500 ppm of synaptic acid, 250 ppm of ascorbic acid and 150 ppm of citric acid). In this condition it was observed 37-41% reduction in the hydroperoxide values and 40-75% in the malondialdehyde concentration in the samples prepared according to the optimized condition, when compared with the standard conditions by which the oil is currently extracted and processed


As evidências do efeito cardioprotetor dos ácidos graxos ômega 3 (AG n-3), principalmente do ácido eicosapentenoico (EPA) e docosahexaenoico (DHA), tem aumentado o consumo desses ácidos graxos. Echium plantagineum é uma planta da família Boragenacea, conhecida como uma fonte potencial AG n-3 de origem não marinha. As sementes de Echium apresentam 12-16% de ácido estearidônico (SDA), que pode ser convertido em EPA e DHA a uma maior taxa que a obtida através do consumo do ácido alfa linolênico (ALA), presente em diversos óleos vegetais. Porém, o óleo de echium é extremamente suscetível à oxidação, por ter um alto teor de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi combinar três estratégias naturais para inibir a oxidação no óleo de echium. Na primeira parte do estudo, misturas contendo antioxidantes hidrofílicos (HM: ácido sinápico + ácido ascórbico + ácido cítrico) ou lipofílicos (LM: alfa-tocoferol + palmitado de ascobila + ácido cítrico) foram aplicados no óleo de linhaça, e mantidos a 40oC por 15 dias. Os marcadores de oxidação foram comparados com óleo de linhaça no qual foram adicionados compostos artificiais: TBHQ (120 ppm) e EDTA (75 ppm). Os resultados mostraram que LM e HM apresentaram uma proteção antioxidante similar ao efeito apresentado pelos compostos artificiais, e que a mistura HM promoveu uma melhor proteção antioxidante que a mistura LM. A partir desse resultado, a mistura HM foi selecionada como estratégia a ser aplicada na etapa seguinte. Assim, na segunda parte do estudo, o óleo de echium foi obtido por dois processos de extração: prensagem mecânica continua (PRESS) e extração usando hexano (SOLV). A mistura HM e o óleo de girassol alto oleico foram selecionados como estratégias antioxidantes, além da redução de temperatura de estocagem. Duas condições foram analisadas: 6 meses em frascos fechados e 30 dias em frascos abertos. A oxidação foi quantificada através da determinação das concentrações de hidroperóxido, malonaldeído, tocoferol e compostos voláteis. No geral, os resultados mostraram que a redução de temperatura foi suficiente para manter a estabilidade do óleo durante o estoque. Portanto, objetivou-se combinar estratégias para aumentar a estabilidade oxidativa das amostras expostas ao oxigênio. Neste contexto, os melhores resultados foram obtidos quando 20% de óleo de girassol alto oleico foi combinado com a mistura hidrofílica de antioxidantes naturais (500 ppm de ácido sinápico, 250 ppm de ácido ascórbico e 150 ppm de ácido cítrico). Nessa condição, foi observada uma redução de 37-41% nos valores de hidroperóxidos e 40-75% na concentração de malonaldeído, quando comparado com a condição padrão


Subject(s)
Plant Oils/analysis , Linseed Oil , Echium/classification , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/adverse effects , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Antioxidants/pharmacology
3.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 29(4): 490-498, out.-dez. 2017. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899547

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A dobutamina é o inotrópico mais comumente utilizado em pacientes com choque séptico, com o objetivo de aumentar o débito cardíaco e corrigir a hipoperfusão. Embora alguns ensaios clínicos tenham demonstrado que a dobutamina pode melhorar a hemodinâmica sistêmica e regional, outras pesquisas identificaram que seus efeitos são heterogêneos e imprevisíveis. Nesta revisão, analisamos as propriedades farmacodinâmicas da dobutamina e seus efeitos fisiológicos. Nosso objetivo foi demonstrar que os efeitos da dobutamina podem diferir entre voluntários saudáveis, estudos experimentais e insuficiência cardíaca clínica, em modelos de estudo em animais e em pacientes com choque séptico. Discutimos as evidências que suportam a afirmativa de que a dobutamina utilizada no tratamento do choque séptico frequentemente se comporta como fármaco cronotrópico e vasodilatador, sem evidências de ação inotrópica. Como seus efeitos colaterais são muito comuns e os benefícios terapêuticos não são claros, sugerimos que ela deve ser utilizada com cautela no choque séptico. Antes de uma decisão terapêutica definitiva, a eficácia e a tolerabilidade da dobutamina devem ser avaliadas por um tempo curto com monitoramento estrito de seus efeitos positivos e efeitos colaterais negativos.


ABSTRACT Dobutamine is the inotrope most commonly used in septic shock patients to increase cardiac output and correct hypoperfusion. Although some experimental and clinical studies have shown that dobutamine can improve systemic and regional hemodynamics, other research has found that its effects are heterogenous and unpredictable. In this review, we analyze the pharmacodynamic properties of dobutamine and its physiologic effects. Our goal is to show that the effects of dobutamine might differ between healthy subjects, in experimental and clinical cardiac failure, in animal models and in patients with septic shock. We discuss evidence supporting the claim that dobutamine, in septic shock, frequently behaves as a chronotropic and vasodilatory drug, without evidence of inotropic action. Since the side effects are very common, and the therapeutic benefits are unclear, we suggest that dobutamine should be used cautiously in septic shock. Before a definitive therapeutic decision, the efficacy and tolerance of dobutamine should be assessed during a brief time with close monitoring of its positive and negative side effects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Shock, Septic/drug therapy , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Dobutamine/pharmacology , Shock, Septic/physiopathology , Cardiac Output/drug effects , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Drug Monitoring/methods , Dobutamine/adverse effects , Hemodynamics/drug effects
4.
Ann Card Anaesth ; 2012 Jul; 15(3): 206-223
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139675

ABSTRACT

A sizable number of cardiac surgical patients are difficult to wean off cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) as a result of structural or functional cardiac abnormalities, vasoplegic syndrome, or ventricular dysfunction. In these cases, therapeutic decisions have to be taken quickly for successful separation from CPB. Various crisis management scenarios can be anticipated which emphasizes the importance of basic knowledge in applied cardiovascular physiology, knowledge of pathophysiology of the surgical lesions as well as leadership, and communication between multiple team members in a high-stakes environment. Since the mid-90s, transoesophageal echocardiography has provided an opportunity to assess the completeness of surgery, to identify abnormal circulatory conditions, and to guide specific medical and surgical interventions. However, because of the lack of evidence-based guidelines, there is a large variability regarding the use of cardiovascular drugs and mechanical circulatory support at the time of weaning from the CPB. This review presents key features for risk stratification and risk modulation as well as a standardized physiological approach to achieve successful weaning from CPB.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , Heart-Assist Devices , Hemodynamics , Humans , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/drug therapy , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/etiology
5.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 26(3): 469-476, jul.-set. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624531

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar e validar, em nosso meio, o modelo de infarto do miocárdio induzido por isoproterenol em ratos por meio de análises de parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos, de marcadores do estresse oxidativo e histopatológicos. MÉTODOS: Trinta ratos jovens, machos, da linhagem Wistar (145 a 230 g), foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo Simulado, submetido à falsa indução de infarto do miocárdio, e grupo Infarto, submetido à indução do infarto do miocárdio com isoproterenol. As aplicações, para indução do infarto, foram realizadas durante dois dias consecutivos, com intervalo de 24 horas entre elas. Após 24 horas da última aplicação, os ratos de ambos os grupos foram anestesiados e sacrificados para realização de coleta de sangue para hemograma e análise bioquímica (TGO, TGP, troponina I, ureia e creatinina) e coleta de fragmento do miocárdio para avaliação de marcadores do estresse oxidativo (atividade da catalase e concentração de glutationa) e exame histopatológico. RESULTADOS: Não houve mortalidade no grupo Simulado, enquanto a mortalidade no grupo Infarto foi de 25%. A indução do infarto do miocárdio com isoproterenol causou elevação das contagens de leucócitos e neutrófilos, dos níveis de TGO, troponina I e ureia, reduziu a atividade da catalase e os níveis teciduais de glutationa e causou alterações histopatológicas. Não acarretou alterações nas concentrações de hemoglobina, TGP e creatinina. CONCLUSÕES: O modelo de infarto do miocárdio induzido por isoproterenol em ratos foi adequadamente reproduzido em nosso laboratório, acarretando alterações em parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos, de marcadores de estresse oxidativo e histopatológicos.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and validate, in our laboratory, the essay of myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol in rats by means of analysis of hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress markers and histopathological parameters. METHODS: Thirty young, male, Wistar rats (145 to 230 g) were randomly allocated in two groups: Sham group, which underwent a virtual myocardial infarction induction, and the Infarction group, which underwent a myocardial infarction induction with isoproterenol. The administrations for the infarction induction were performed during two consecutive days and a 24-hour interval between them. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, rats from both groups were anesthetized and sacrificed for blood sample collection to evaluate complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical parameters (SGOT, SGPT, troponin I, urea and creatinin), obtain myocardial fragments for oxidative stress markers analyses (catalase activity and glutathione concentrations) as well as histopathological examinations. RESULTS: There were no death cases in the Sham group, while the mortality rate in the Infarction group was 25%. Myocardial infarction induction with isoproterenol raised leukocytes and neutrophils counts, SGOT, troponin I and urea concentrations, reduced catalase enzyme activity and glutathione concentrations in the myocardium and let to histopathological concentrations as well. It did not exert alterations in terms of hemoglobin, SGPT and creatinin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction essay in rats was adequately reproduced in our laboratory, causing alterations in hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress markers and histopathological parameters.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Catalase/blood , Glutathione/blood , Isoproterenol/adverse effects , Myocardial Infarction/chemically induced , Troponin I/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Disease Models, Animal , Myocardial Infarction/blood , Myocardial Infarction/pathology , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar
6.
IRCMJ-Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 2011; 13 (9): 680-681
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-137394
8.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 418-424, 2010.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-161037

ABSTRACT

Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PV-IVH) is a major cause of neurological disabilities in preterm newborns. This study aimed to determine the perinatal factors associated with PV-IVH. We conducted a retrospective case-control study from preterm infants born at < or =34 weeks of gestation and admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Seoul National University Children's Hospital and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between June 2003 and December 2007. Neonates with no cranial sonographic data or infants transferred from other centers after three days of age were excluded. Of 1,044 eligible subjects, 59 infants with PV-IVH grade 2, 3, and 4 were allocated to the case group. The control group consisted of 118 infants without PV-IVH who were matched for gestational age and birth weight to each case of PV-IVH. At the multivariate logistic regression model, metabolic acidosis (odds ratio [OR]: 6.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-43.23) and use of inotropes (OR: 3.70; 95% CI: 1.16-11.84) were associated with an increased risk of PV-IVH. Maternal use of antenatal corticosteroids decreases the risk of PV-IVH (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.14-0.92).


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Acidosis/complications , Birth Weight , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Case-Control Studies , Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology , Gestational Age , Infant, Premature , Infant, Premature, Diseases/etiology , Odds Ratio , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 89(1): 60-63, jul. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-459817

ABSTRACT

O ecocardiograma sob estresse com dobutamina é um método bem estabelecido para avaliar doença arterial coronária, cuja sensibilidade tem sido potencializada pela adição de atropina no final do protocolo. Indivíduos com glaucoma, doença com alta prevalência em pacientes cardiopatas com mais de 40 anos, não podem se beneficiar do uso de atropina por ser contra-indicada neste grupo. Além disso, estes indivíduos são tratados freqüentemente com betabloqueadores tópicos (colírios), que podem exercer efeitos sistêmicos diminuindo a freqüência cardíaca, pressão arterial e capacidade pulmonar. O objetivo do nosso trabalho foi verificar se a ocorrência de um possível efeito sistêmico causado por estes colírios, causando baixa resposta cronotrópica, poderia determinar resultados inconclusivos no ecocardiograma sob estresse pela dobutamina nestes pacientes com glaucoma.


Dobutamine stress echocardiography is a well-established method to assess coronary artery disease, of which sensitivity has been enhanced by adding atropine at the end of the protocol. Individuals with glaucoma, a disease with a high prevalence in patients with cardiac diseases older than 40 years, cannot benefit from the use of atropine as it is contraindicated for this group of patients. Additionally, these individuals are often treated with topical betablockers (eye drops), which can have systemic effects by decreasing cardiac frequency, blood pressure and pulmonary capacity. The aim of our study was to verify whether a possible systemic effect caused by the use of these eye drops, yielding a low chronotropic response, could result in inconclusive dobutamine stress echocardiography in patients with glaucoma.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiotonic Agents , Dobutamine , Echocardiography, Stress , Glaucoma/drug therapy , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Analysis of Variance , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Cardiotonic Agents/administration & dosage , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Coronary Disease , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Dobutamine/administration & dosage , Dobutamine/adverse effects , Heart Rate/drug effects , Rest
11.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 85(3): 198-204, set. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-414348

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar a exeqüibilidade e segurança do ecocardiograma sob estresse com dobutamina e atropina (EED) em octogenários. MÉTODOS: Avaliaram-se 5.467 EED, distribuídos entre grupo dos octogenários (GI=203) e grupo controle (GII=5.264). A idade média no GI=83±3 (80-95) e no GII=59±11 (17-79) anos. Os parâmetros resultantes do EED, coletados prospectivamente, foram comparados e analisados. RESULTADOS: O percentual de pacientes que atingiram freqüência cardíaca máxima foi em GI=63,5 por cento e GII=41 por cento (GI vs. GII; p<0,001), e o GI necessitou de menos atropina (GI=47 por cento vs. GII=78 por cento; p<0,001). A ocorrência de dor não foi significativamente diferente (GI=13 por cento vs. GII=15,6 por cento; p=0,429), nem o percentual de EED positivo para isquemia miocárdica (GI=20,7 por cento vs. GII=16,9 por cento; p=0,296), mas a concomitância entre EED positivo e ausência de dor (GI=17 por cento vs. GII=11 por cento; p=0,029) foi maior no grupo I. A ocorrência de extra-sistolia (GI=47,8 por cento vs GII=27,6 por cento; p<0,001) e taquiarritmia supraventricular (GI=5,9 por cento vs. GII=1,9 por cento; p=0,001) foi maior no grupo I. Das 11 taquiarritmias supraventriculares do grupo I, 9 reverteram espontaneamente. Não houve óbito, infarto ou prevalência de taquicardia ventricular. Só ocorreu fibrilação ventricular (2 casos; 0,03 por cento) no GII. CONCLUSAO: Apesar do menor uso de atropina para concluir o EED, os octogenários atingiram mais a freqüência cardíaca máxima. Houve uma maior correlação entre EED positivo para isquemia miocárdica e a ausência de dor. Apresentaram mais distúrbios do ritmo, todavia a resolução, em geral, foi espontânea. Em nosso estudo, o EED mostrou ser um método exeqüível e seguro para os octogenários.


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Female , Atropine , Cardiotonic Agents , Dobutamine , Echocardiography, Stress/standards , Myocardial Ischemia , Atropine/adverse effects , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Coronary Artery Disease , Dobutamine/adverse effects , Epidemiologic Methods , Echocardiography, Stress/adverse effects , Heart Rate/drug effects , Pain/chemically induced , Sex Distribution
12.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 74(4): 295-300, oct.-dic. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-755675

ABSTRACT

El propósito de este trabajo fue observar los resultados hemodinámicos inmediatos (primeras 24 hs) en pacientes con mala función ventricular (< 40%), considerados de alto riesgo quirúrgico, en los cuales 24 a 48 hs antes de la cirugía recibían una infusión por 24 hs con levosimendan. Se incluyeron 4 pacientes de sexo masculino con edad promedio de 55.50 (+ 7.93 años) con una fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo de 31 (+ 5.47%), 2 de ellos sometidos a cambio valvular, otro a revascularización miocárdica y el cuarto se sometió a procedimiento combinado (revascularización + cambio valvular). El comportamiento de los parámetros hemodinámicos estuvo estable, sin necesidad de altas dosis de los inotrópicos y vasopresores clásicos en el postoperatorio. Conclusión: El levosimendan podría ser un inotrópico de gran aplicación en este grupo de pacientes debido a su novedoso mecanismo de acción y a sus sostenidos efectos hemodinámicos luego de terminada su infusión.


The purpose of this work was to observe the hemodynamic stability on the first 24 hours in 4 patients with ventricular dysfunction (Ejected Fraction < 40 %), considered of high surgical risk, in which 24 at 48 hr before the surgery received an infusion of Levosimendan for 24 hours. This 4 patients was male, with age 55.5 ± 7.9 years old, a left ventricle ejection of fraction (LVEF) of 31 ± 5.47%; Two of them was underwent to valve replacement, another one to coronary artery bypass graft and the last one patient underwent combined procedure (coronary artery bypass graft surgery and valve replacement). The behavior of the hemodynamic parameters was stable, without necessity of uses high dose of the inotropics and classic vasopresores in the postoperative. Conclusion: the Levosimendan could be an inotropic of great application in this group of patient due to its novel action mechanism and to its sustained hemodynamic effects after having finished its infusion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiotonic Agents/administration & dosage , Hydrazones/administration & dosage , Pyridazines/administration & dosage , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/drug therapy , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Heart Diseases/drug therapy , Heart Diseases/surgery , Hydrazones/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Pyridazines/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
13.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-90663

ABSTRACT

A case of multifactorial symmetrical peripheral gangrene due to viral gastroenteritis, shock, dopamine infusion, exposure to low temperature and nonlactose fermenters septicaemia is presented for its rarity and devastating consequences.


Subject(s)
Aged , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , Dopamine/adverse effects , Female , Foot/pathology , Gangrene/etiology , Gastroenteritis/complications , Hand/pathology , Humans , Shock/complications
14.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 14(1): 68-75, jan.-fev. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-391545

ABSTRACT

A síndrome da insuficiência cardíaca está associada a altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, apesar de tratamento adequado. A terapêutica inotrópica aumenta a contratilidade miocárdica, porém não melhora a sobrevida a longo prazo. Seu uso é importante para manutenção da função cardiovascular em pacientes críticos com descompensação aguda ou naqueles que aguardam tratamento definitivo. Novas drogas inotrópicas vêm sendo investigadas com resultados promissores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Catecholamines , Heart Failure/economics , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors , Dobutamine , Dopamine , Isoproterenol , Norepinephrine
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 77(1): 51-58, July 2001. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-288989

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar as disfunçöes da hipertrofia miocárdica induzida pelo isoproterenol e de sua regressäo. Coraçöes isolados hipertrofiados por isoproterenol (ISO) (8 dias) e após 22 dias de sua suspensäo (regressäo) foram distendidos. MÉTODOS: Até pressäo de repouso (Pr) de 60mmHg, analisaram-se: pressäo desenvolvida máxima (PDmáx.); estresse sistólico (sigmamáx); inclinaçäo da reta estresses/deformaçöes; constante de relaxamento; rigidez da câmara e rigidez miocárdica. RESULTADOS: Nos coraçöes hipertrofiados (H) as variaçöes de volume (deltaV) necessárias para Pr=60mmHg foram heterogêneas. Em alguns (H1; n=10) deltaV equivaleu à dos controle (C) enquanto em outros (H2; n=10) foi inferior, e também diferiram quanto ao peso seco, complacência ventricular, rigidez miocárdica, constante de relaxamento,e sigmamáx. PDmáx dos grupos H1 e H2 foram superiores às de C (n=8) e Regressäo (R) (n=8). Contudo, sigmamáx de H2 foi menor que C, H1 e R. O mecanismo de Frank-Starling foi deprimido nos coraçöes hipertrofiados. A constante de relaxamento de H2 indicou retardo no decaimento da pressäo associado a menor complacência ventricular e rigidez miocárdica acentuada. CONCLUSÄO: Hipertrofia miocárdica induzida pelo ISO näo é homogênea. Alguns coraçöes têm alteraçöes pouco expressivas; outros têm comprometimento das funçöes sistólica e diastólica. A hipertrofia miocárdica reduz a capacidade de gerar força e aprimora a capacidade em variar pressäo por aumento da relaçäo massa/volume. Há, também, comprometimento da complacência ventricular e da rigidez muscular


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Cardiomegaly/chemically induced , Cardiomegaly/physiopathology , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Isoproterenol/adverse effects , Rats, Wistar
16.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 32(6): 773-6, Jun. 1999. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-233711

ABSTRACT

We report data showing that developed pressure (DPmax) may lead to opposite conclusion with respect to maximal developed circumferential wall stress (max) when used to assess contractile function in left ventricle isovolumic preparations. Isovolumetric left ventricle preparations of rats with cardiac hypertrophy (H; N = 10) induced by isoproterenol administration showed higher DPmax (174 + ou - 14 mmHg) than control (C; N = 8) animals (155 + ou - 12 mmHg) or rats with regression (R; N = 8) of hypertrophy (144 + ouy - 11 mmHg). In contrast, the estimated max for C (145 + ou - 26 kdynes/cm2) and R (133 + ou - 17 kdynes/cm2) was higher than for H (110 + ou - 13 kdynes/cm2). According to Laplace's law, the opposite results of DPmax and max may depend on the increased mass/volume left ventricle ratio of the hypertrophied hearts, which favored pressure generation. These results clearly show that DPmax should be used with caution to analyze systolic function.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Blood Pressure Determination , Cardiomegaly , Ventricular Function, Left , Cardiomegaly/chemically induced , Cardiotonic Agents/adverse effects , Isoproterenol/adverse effects , Myocardial Contraction , Systole/physiology
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